inconsistent Vertical Spacing between equation and text












0















I have some problems in spacing.
I just want to put equations in the text.
What I found is that the vertical spacing between the equation and text is not consistent.
Some is large and some is small. Both spacings above and below equation are not consistent.
How do I get consistent spacing in the entire thesis?
I can adjust spacing using vspace{baselineskip}.
But I am not sure the spacing is exactly the same or not. It doesnt seems good solution.
Here is my code.



documentclass[twoside]{utmthesis}
%According to the new manual, should not mixed single-side with two-side
printing
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{url}
%usepackage[pages=some]{background}
usepackage{lipsum}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage{verbatim}
usepackage{textcomp}
usepackage{mhchem}
usepackage{amsmath}
usepackage{listings}
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{mwe}
usepackage{xr}
usepackage{siunitx}
usepackage{float}
usepackage{subfig}
newsavebox{bigleftbox}
usepackage{tikz}
usepackage{nameref}
%usepackage[printonlyused]{acronym}
usepackage{romannum}
usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
usepackage{natbib}
letcitecitep
bibliographystyle{utmthesis-authordate}

begin{document}
subsection{1D numerical modeling of the SI-engine}
vspace{baselineskip}
The numerical models and related equations applied in the 1D engine
simulation are presented and briefly discussed.
subsubsection{Pipe}
vspace{baselineskip}
In one-dimension modeling of flow through the pipes, working fluid is
assumed that it is flowing in one-direction, instead of three direction (X,
Y, and Z). It seems plausible, as most fluid particles are moving mostly in
longitudinal direction rather than radial direction of the pipe. A one-
dimensional pipe flow is described by Euler equation which is given in
conservation form below.

begin{equation} label{Euler}
frac{partial mathbf{U}}{partial t} + frac{partial mathbf{F(U)}}
{partial x}= mathbf{S(U)}
end{equation}

$textbf{U}$ and $textbf{F}$ represent state vector and flux vector,
respectively which are represented as follows.

begin{equation}
mathbf{U}= begin{pmatrix}
rho \
rho cdot u \
rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2 \
rho cdot w_j end{pmatrix},,, , ,,, mathbf{F}= begin{pmatrix}
rho cdot u \
rho cdot u^2 + p \
rho cdot (E+p) \
rho cdot u cdot w_j end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

With total energy, $E$ is given as below.

begin{equation} label{E}
begin{split}
E=rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2
end{split}
end{equation}

The source term, $textbf{S}$ is divided into two different sub-source
terms.

begin{equation} label{S}
mathbf{S(U)}= mathbf{S_A(F(U))} + mathbf{S_R(U)}
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_A}$ is the source term caused by axial changes in the pipe cross
section.

begin{equation} label{Sa}
mathbf{S_A(F(U))}= - frac{1}{A} cdot frac{dA}{dx} cdot left(F +
begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-p \
0 \
0
end{pmatrix} right)
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_R}$ is the source term taking into account homogeneous chemical
reaction, friction, heat and mass transfer between gas and solid phase.

begin{equation} label{Sr}
mathbf{S_R(F(U))}= begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-frac{F_R}{V} \
frac{q_w}{V} \
M W_j cdot left(sumlimits_{i}^{R_{hom}} nu_{i.j} cdot
dot{r_i}right)end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

bibliography{reference}
end{document}


enter image description here










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New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





















  • Welcome to TeX-SE! Why do you have empty lines before and after the equation environments?

    – marmot
    3 mins ago
















0















I have some problems in spacing.
I just want to put equations in the text.
What I found is that the vertical spacing between the equation and text is not consistent.
Some is large and some is small. Both spacings above and below equation are not consistent.
How do I get consistent spacing in the entire thesis?
I can adjust spacing using vspace{baselineskip}.
But I am not sure the spacing is exactly the same or not. It doesnt seems good solution.
Here is my code.



documentclass[twoside]{utmthesis}
%According to the new manual, should not mixed single-side with two-side
printing
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{url}
%usepackage[pages=some]{background}
usepackage{lipsum}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage{verbatim}
usepackage{textcomp}
usepackage{mhchem}
usepackage{amsmath}
usepackage{listings}
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{mwe}
usepackage{xr}
usepackage{siunitx}
usepackage{float}
usepackage{subfig}
newsavebox{bigleftbox}
usepackage{tikz}
usepackage{nameref}
%usepackage[printonlyused]{acronym}
usepackage{romannum}
usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
usepackage{natbib}
letcitecitep
bibliographystyle{utmthesis-authordate}

begin{document}
subsection{1D numerical modeling of the SI-engine}
vspace{baselineskip}
The numerical models and related equations applied in the 1D engine
simulation are presented and briefly discussed.
subsubsection{Pipe}
vspace{baselineskip}
In one-dimension modeling of flow through the pipes, working fluid is
assumed that it is flowing in one-direction, instead of three direction (X,
Y, and Z). It seems plausible, as most fluid particles are moving mostly in
longitudinal direction rather than radial direction of the pipe. A one-
dimensional pipe flow is described by Euler equation which is given in
conservation form below.

begin{equation} label{Euler}
frac{partial mathbf{U}}{partial t} + frac{partial mathbf{F(U)}}
{partial x}= mathbf{S(U)}
end{equation}

$textbf{U}$ and $textbf{F}$ represent state vector and flux vector,
respectively which are represented as follows.

begin{equation}
mathbf{U}= begin{pmatrix}
rho \
rho cdot u \
rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2 \
rho cdot w_j end{pmatrix},,, , ,,, mathbf{F}= begin{pmatrix}
rho cdot u \
rho cdot u^2 + p \
rho cdot (E+p) \
rho cdot u cdot w_j end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

With total energy, $E$ is given as below.

begin{equation} label{E}
begin{split}
E=rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2
end{split}
end{equation}

The source term, $textbf{S}$ is divided into two different sub-source
terms.

begin{equation} label{S}
mathbf{S(U)}= mathbf{S_A(F(U))} + mathbf{S_R(U)}
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_A}$ is the source term caused by axial changes in the pipe cross
section.

begin{equation} label{Sa}
mathbf{S_A(F(U))}= - frac{1}{A} cdot frac{dA}{dx} cdot left(F +
begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-p \
0 \
0
end{pmatrix} right)
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_R}$ is the source term taking into account homogeneous chemical
reaction, friction, heat and mass transfer between gas and solid phase.

begin{equation} label{Sr}
mathbf{S_R(F(U))}= begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-frac{F_R}{V} \
frac{q_w}{V} \
M W_j cdot left(sumlimits_{i}^{R_{hom}} nu_{i.j} cdot
dot{r_i}right)end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

bibliography{reference}
end{document}


enter image description here










share|improve this question







New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





















  • Welcome to TeX-SE! Why do you have empty lines before and after the equation environments?

    – marmot
    3 mins ago














0












0








0








I have some problems in spacing.
I just want to put equations in the text.
What I found is that the vertical spacing between the equation and text is not consistent.
Some is large and some is small. Both spacings above and below equation are not consistent.
How do I get consistent spacing in the entire thesis?
I can adjust spacing using vspace{baselineskip}.
But I am not sure the spacing is exactly the same or not. It doesnt seems good solution.
Here is my code.



documentclass[twoside]{utmthesis}
%According to the new manual, should not mixed single-side with two-side
printing
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{url}
%usepackage[pages=some]{background}
usepackage{lipsum}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage{verbatim}
usepackage{textcomp}
usepackage{mhchem}
usepackage{amsmath}
usepackage{listings}
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{mwe}
usepackage{xr}
usepackage{siunitx}
usepackage{float}
usepackage{subfig}
newsavebox{bigleftbox}
usepackage{tikz}
usepackage{nameref}
%usepackage[printonlyused]{acronym}
usepackage{romannum}
usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
usepackage{natbib}
letcitecitep
bibliographystyle{utmthesis-authordate}

begin{document}
subsection{1D numerical modeling of the SI-engine}
vspace{baselineskip}
The numerical models and related equations applied in the 1D engine
simulation are presented and briefly discussed.
subsubsection{Pipe}
vspace{baselineskip}
In one-dimension modeling of flow through the pipes, working fluid is
assumed that it is flowing in one-direction, instead of three direction (X,
Y, and Z). It seems plausible, as most fluid particles are moving mostly in
longitudinal direction rather than radial direction of the pipe. A one-
dimensional pipe flow is described by Euler equation which is given in
conservation form below.

begin{equation} label{Euler}
frac{partial mathbf{U}}{partial t} + frac{partial mathbf{F(U)}}
{partial x}= mathbf{S(U)}
end{equation}

$textbf{U}$ and $textbf{F}$ represent state vector and flux vector,
respectively which are represented as follows.

begin{equation}
mathbf{U}= begin{pmatrix}
rho \
rho cdot u \
rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2 \
rho cdot w_j end{pmatrix},,, , ,,, mathbf{F}= begin{pmatrix}
rho cdot u \
rho cdot u^2 + p \
rho cdot (E+p) \
rho cdot u cdot w_j end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

With total energy, $E$ is given as below.

begin{equation} label{E}
begin{split}
E=rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2
end{split}
end{equation}

The source term, $textbf{S}$ is divided into two different sub-source
terms.

begin{equation} label{S}
mathbf{S(U)}= mathbf{S_A(F(U))} + mathbf{S_R(U)}
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_A}$ is the source term caused by axial changes in the pipe cross
section.

begin{equation} label{Sa}
mathbf{S_A(F(U))}= - frac{1}{A} cdot frac{dA}{dx} cdot left(F +
begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-p \
0 \
0
end{pmatrix} right)
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_R}$ is the source term taking into account homogeneous chemical
reaction, friction, heat and mass transfer between gas and solid phase.

begin{equation} label{Sr}
mathbf{S_R(F(U))}= begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-frac{F_R}{V} \
frac{q_w}{V} \
M W_j cdot left(sumlimits_{i}^{R_{hom}} nu_{i.j} cdot
dot{r_i}right)end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

bibliography{reference}
end{document}


enter image description here










share|improve this question







New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.












I have some problems in spacing.
I just want to put equations in the text.
What I found is that the vertical spacing between the equation and text is not consistent.
Some is large and some is small. Both spacings above and below equation are not consistent.
How do I get consistent spacing in the entire thesis?
I can adjust spacing using vspace{baselineskip}.
But I am not sure the spacing is exactly the same or not. It doesnt seems good solution.
Here is my code.



documentclass[twoside]{utmthesis}
%According to the new manual, should not mixed single-side with two-side
printing
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{url}
%usepackage[pages=some]{background}
usepackage{lipsum}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage{verbatim}
usepackage{textcomp}
usepackage{mhchem}
usepackage{amsmath}
usepackage{listings}
usepackage{graphicx}
usepackage{mwe}
usepackage{xr}
usepackage{siunitx}
usepackage{float}
usepackage{subfig}
newsavebox{bigleftbox}
usepackage{tikz}
usepackage{nameref}
%usepackage[printonlyused]{acronym}
usepackage{romannum}
usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
usepackage{natbib}
letcitecitep
bibliographystyle{utmthesis-authordate}

begin{document}
subsection{1D numerical modeling of the SI-engine}
vspace{baselineskip}
The numerical models and related equations applied in the 1D engine
simulation are presented and briefly discussed.
subsubsection{Pipe}
vspace{baselineskip}
In one-dimension modeling of flow through the pipes, working fluid is
assumed that it is flowing in one-direction, instead of three direction (X,
Y, and Z). It seems plausible, as most fluid particles are moving mostly in
longitudinal direction rather than radial direction of the pipe. A one-
dimensional pipe flow is described by Euler equation which is given in
conservation form below.

begin{equation} label{Euler}
frac{partial mathbf{U}}{partial t} + frac{partial mathbf{F(U)}}
{partial x}= mathbf{S(U)}
end{equation}

$textbf{U}$ and $textbf{F}$ represent state vector and flux vector,
respectively which are represented as follows.

begin{equation}
mathbf{U}= begin{pmatrix}
rho \
rho cdot u \
rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2 \
rho cdot w_j end{pmatrix},,, , ,,, mathbf{F}= begin{pmatrix}
rho cdot u \
rho cdot u^2 + p \
rho cdot (E+p) \
rho cdot u cdot w_j end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

With total energy, $E$ is given as below.

begin{equation} label{E}
begin{split}
E=rho cdot bar{C_v} cdot T + frac{1}{2} cdot rho cdot u^2
end{split}
end{equation}

The source term, $textbf{S}$ is divided into two different sub-source
terms.

begin{equation} label{S}
mathbf{S(U)}= mathbf{S_A(F(U))} + mathbf{S_R(U)}
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_A}$ is the source term caused by axial changes in the pipe cross
section.

begin{equation} label{Sa}
mathbf{S_A(F(U))}= - frac{1}{A} cdot frac{dA}{dx} cdot left(F +
begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-p \
0 \
0
end{pmatrix} right)
end{equation}

$mathbf{S_R}$ is the source term taking into account homogeneous chemical
reaction, friction, heat and mass transfer between gas and solid phase.

begin{equation} label{Sr}
mathbf{S_R(F(U))}= begin{pmatrix}
0 \
-frac{F_R}{V} \
frac{q_w}{V} \
M W_j cdot left(sumlimits_{i}^{R_{hom}} nu_{i.j} cdot
dot{r_i}right)end{pmatrix}
end{equation}

bibliography{reference}
end{document}


enter image description here







spacing equations amsmath






share|improve this question







New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question







New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question






New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 12 mins ago









Je Young KimJe Young Kim

11




11




New contributor




Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






Je Young Kim is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.













  • Welcome to TeX-SE! Why do you have empty lines before and after the equation environments?

    – marmot
    3 mins ago



















  • Welcome to TeX-SE! Why do you have empty lines before and after the equation environments?

    – marmot
    3 mins ago

















Welcome to TeX-SE! Why do you have empty lines before and after the equation environments?

– marmot
3 mins ago





Welcome to TeX-SE! Why do you have empty lines before and after the equation environments?

– marmot
3 mins ago










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